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| Precautions for aluminum sheet drawing process |
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Posted by: aluhm - 02-10-2018, 02:54 AM - Forum: Knowledge & Technique
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Stretching is one of the processing methods of aluminum brazing sheet plate. Stretching aluminum sheet is produced by stretching the aluminum and aluminum fittings made after, but the tensile aluminum sheet generally can not be too hard, too hard will pull the explosion, so the Elongation and tensile strength of aluminum alloy sheet, etc. Depending on the stretch-height and stretch method will have different requirements, 5052 aluminum sheet often need to be stretched during use.
[img=600x0]http://www.platealuminium-hm.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/precautions-for-aluminum-sheet-rawing-process.jpg[/img]
In addition to pay attention to the tensile height of 5052 aluminum plate, its own hardness, but also need pay attention to their own performance, the product to achieve the best results, their performance can not be damaged in the process of stretching, to give full play to the product Performance advantages.
Precautions for aluminum sheet drawing process:
Tensile aluminum alloy sheet is produced in the implementation of aluminum stretching technology, the use of processing, there is an increase in the production process of stretching this process is to eliminate the internal stress of aluminum and enhance the flatness, which is called pre-pull Stretch, suitable for high hardness aluminum alloys, 5052 aluminum alloy sheet in the production process in order to increase the flatness will use the pre-stretching technology, but to the hardness range. Casting and hot rolled aluminum plate can be used for stretching, but the effect of cast rolled aluminum plate is not ideal, so commonly referred to as the hot rolled aluminum alloy sheetare generally.
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| What are the advantages of hot rolled aluminum plate |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 02-10-2018, 02:38 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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![[Image: what-are-the-advantages-of-hot-rolled-al...-plate.jpg]](http://www.platealuminium-hm.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/what-are-the-advantages-of-hot-rolled-aluminum-plate.jpg)
Hot rolled aluminum plate can significantly reduce the energy consumption and reduce costs.When hot rolled aluminum metal plasticity, low deformation resistance, greatly reduce the energy consumption of metal deformation.
Hot rolled aluminum plate can improve the processing performance of aluminum metal and alloy, the casting of the state for the bulky grain breakage, crack healing, significantly reduce or eliminate the casting defects, the as-cast into deformation, improve the processing performance of aluminum alloy.
Hot rolling usually adopts large ingot which not only improves the production efficiency, but also creates the conditions for increasing the rolling speed and realizing the continuity and automation of the rolling process.
Hot rolled aluminum plate can not control the mechanical properties required by the product very precisely,the microstructure and properties of the hot-rolled aluminum product can not be uniform. Its strength index is lower than cold work hardening products, but higher than completely annealed products; plasticity index is higher than cold work hardening products, but lower than completely annealed products.
The thickness of hot-rolled aluminum products is difficult to control the thickness of the control accuracy is relatively poor; hot-rolled aluminum products on the surface of the rough rolling Ra value is generally 0.5 ~ 1.5μm. Therefore, the hot-rolled aluminum products are generally more as cold-rolled blanks.
Hot rolled aluminum plate refers to those whose thickness is more than 4.5mm and widely used in industrial applications, tank car aluminum cans with aluminum plate, grinding tool with aluminum, a container with aluminum plate, pressure vessel, automotive, construction machinery with aluminum plate, etc.
Hot rolled aluminum plate has an added uniform annealing process, such as composition segregation, such as impurity defects are relatively easy to solve. The quality of the products are higher than that of cast-rolling aluminum plate, hot rolled aluminum plate on deep drawing performance, bending performance is far higher than that of cast-rolling aluminum plate, the price also is higher than cast-rolling aluminum plate.
Common aluminum plate of hot rolled includes 1series, 1100, 1060, 1070, 1050, 3 series 3003, 3004, 3005, 3104, 3005, 5 series of 5082, 5182, 5083, 5754, 5083, 6, 6061, 6082, 6083, etc.
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| 5086 anti-rust aluminum plate in marine grade |
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Posted by: askaluadmin - 02-10-2018, 02:35 AM - Forum: Knowledge & Technique
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5086 anti-rust aluminum plate belongs to the 5000 series Al-Mg aluminum alloy, Mg content often not more than 7%, [b]5086 aluminum plate[/b] density than other large and have excellent corrosion resistance. With the increase of magnesium content, the strength of the alloy aluminum will increase, while the plasticity will drop.This marine grade aluminum sheets often in the annealed form, hardened or semi-hardened cooling mode of application of the most.
[img=600x0]http://www.platealuminium-hm.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/5086-anti-rust-aluminum-plate-in-marine-grade.jpg[/img]
Anti-rust aluminum plate often used in the sea, ships more which 5086 anti-rust aluminum plate is the most important ship in the production of aluminum products.
Medium magnesium anti-rust aluminum plate often produce high plasticity, corrosion resistance of medium-sized pipes, containers, etc and high magnesium anti-rust aluminum, it often used for ordinary welding pipes, liquid containers and other components.
5086 anti-rust aluminum plate belongs to the lower magnesium, can resist the sea situation, the weather of aluminum alloy material.
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| What grade aluminum to use to make a aluminum boat |
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Posted by: askaluadmin - 02-10-2018, 01:32 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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just as it say was wondering what grade aluminum should you use to make a aluminum boat?? A guy I know said he had made one useing 50 grade which I try and look online at the different metals you can buy and I don't see a 50 grade they call it I do see like a 5052 aluminum plate you can buy is this it?? I've been thinking and throwing around the idea of making a aluminum boat one of these days and was just wondering about what grade to use and to see about priceing out the material and see if it is all worth it.
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| Marine Applications of Aluminum Alloys |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 02-10-2018, 01:23 AM - Forum: Knowledge & Technique
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Aluminum is used in hulls, deckhouses, and hatch covers of commercial ships, as well as in equipment items, such as ladders, railings, gratings, windows, and doors.
The major incentive for employing aluminum is its weight saving compared to steel. Because it is common practice to use weldable aluminum alloys having strengths approaching or comparable to mild steel, equal-strength structures can be designed to a weight saving of 55 to 67%. However, to compensate for the lower modulus of elasticity of aluminum and to conform to normal deflection limitations, a somewhat lower, but substantial, reduction in weight is usually obtained.
Aluminum is used in hulls, deckhouses, and hatch covers of commercial ships, as well as in equipment items, such as ladders, railings, gratings, windows, and doors. The major incentive for employing aluminum is its weight saving compared to steel. Because it is common practice to use weldable aluminum alloys having strengths approaching or comparable to mild steel, equal-strength structures can be designed to a weight saving of 55 to 67%. However, to compensate for the lower modulus of elasticity of aluminum and to conform to normal deflection limitations, a somewhat lower, but substantial, reduction in weight is usually obtained.
The principal advantages of weight saving in many types of marine vessels are to increase payload, to expand capacity for equipment, and to decrease the power required. With other types of vessels, the chief benefit is to permit better distribution of the weight, improving stability and facilitating efficient hull design. The use of aluminum normally results in initial cost premiums that are justified over the life of the application by the benefits of lightweight and low maintenance cost.
The weight saving achieved depends on the approach to design, which varies with different applications. Where known or rule loadings exist for specific structures, normal design principles are applied along with consideration of the mechanical properties of specific alloys.
Alloys. The 5xxx series alloys used for the majority of commercial marine applications have weld yield strengths of 100 to 200 MPa. These aluminum-magnesium alloys retain good weld ductility without postweld heat treatment, and they can be fabricated with normal shipyard techniques and equipment. The weldable aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys are also receiving attention in this field. The corrosion resistance of the 5xxx series alloys is another major factor in the selection of aluminum for marine applications. Tensile strength reductions in 10-year sea-water corrosion tests of 1.62mm (0.064-in.)-thick bare sheet specimens are only 2 to 5%. The 6xxx series alloys, widely used for pleasure boats, show a 5 to 7% decrease in similar tests.
Alclad aluminum alloys are seldom required in construction of marine vessels. They are used, however, in a few applications, such as piping, for maximum assurance against excessive depth of pitting. Also, alclad 2xxx and 7xxx series alloys are selected where tensile strengths of 70,000 to 80,000 psi (482.6-551.2 MPa) are required, considerably higher than now available in the 5xxx series alloys.
The high-strength alloys are employed where welding is not required, and where their higher strengths can be used to advantage. Because of their lower resistance to corrosion by sea water, protective measures such as cladding, painting, or cathodic protection must be used for satisfactory life in marine service.
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| How to choose aluminum gusset plate? |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 02-09-2018, 03:41 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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With the changes of The Times, the quality of life has been improved, and of course the houses are not different. So how do we choose the materials for the decoration? Now let's teach you how to choose aluminum gusset!
Of aluminium alloy gusset plate is divided into sound-absorbing board and decorating plate, acoustic board pass a round hole, square hole, slotted hole and rectangular hole, triangle hole, hole size combination, etc., its characteristic is has good anticorrosion, shockproof, waterproof, fire prevention, sound-absorbing performance, smooth surface. The floor is mostly white or leaden. The decorative board is especially decorative, the lines are simple and smooth, and the colors are copper, gold, red, blue and milk white. According to the process of aluminum gusset plate, there are three kinds of coating aluminum gusset plate, rolling aluminum gusset plate and coated aluminum gusset plate. According to the shape, there are bars, squares, grilles, etc., but the grille is not used in the kitchen and the ceiling of the toilet; Aluminium gusset plate condole top price is good generally 200-300 yuan/square metre, medium dozen yuan/square metre can buy.
Selection method and procedure of aluminum gusset plate:
1. Thickness:
It is believed that the thicker the aluminum plate, the better, is that many consumers have the wrong choice. In fact, the aluminum plate thickness of household is 0.6mm. The product specifications, length, thickness and other information can be seen clearly on the product description. Moreover, the thickness of the aluminum gusset plate can be judged by the naked eye and hand.
2. Identifying material:
First class: aluminium magnesium alloy, at the same time, contains some manganese, the material is the biggest advantage is good antioxidant capacity, at the same time because of containing manganese, therefore has a certain strength and stiffness, is the most ideal materials for the ceiling;
Grade 2: aluminum manganese alloy, the strength and rigidity of the material is slightly better than that of aluminum magnesium alloy, but the antioxidant capacity is slightly lower than that of aluminum magnesium alloy. If both sides are protected, the anti-oxidation ability is not as good as that of aluminum magnesium alloy.
Grade 3: aluminum alloy, the manganese and magnesium of the alloy are less. Therefore, the strength and stiffness are significantly lower than that of aluminum magnesium alloy and aluminum manganese alloy. Because of its soft, easy to process, as long as a certain baidu, can meet the basic level of the ceiling requirements. But its antioxidant capacity is significantly inferior to that of aluminum magnesium alloy and aluminum manganese alloy. It is easy to deform during the process of transportation and installation. In addition to the observation of whether the plate thickness is uniform, the surface is smooth, and the elasticity and toughness of the aluminum gusset plate are also seen. You can bend it with your hand by selecting a sample. The good quality of the aluminum is bent and will rebound to a certain extent.
First generation product: spray surface.
Second generation product: rolling surface.
Third generation products: coated surface.
3 pick keel
It is best to choose the strong and durable galvanized mild steel keel, the surface treatment of the keel is especially important, the plating process of light steel keel directly affects its moisture resistance. Good quality light steel keel after galvanizing, the surface is snowflake. When choosing condole top, can notice keel whether have snow - like galvanizing surface. If the snowflake pattern is clear, the feeling is hard, the gap is small namely belongs to the quality better keel.
4 the installation
There are two kinds of installation methods: light steel keel and wooden keel. Wood square will be influenced by temperature and moisture and deformation, in this way, time grew, some large deformation between each wood square, some small, the end result is condole top appear uneven deformation, on the contrary, the installation using the method of light steel keel, due to the ceiling above all material is metal, maximum limit reduces the deformation, thus, light steel keel installation method is the most desirable
5 choose the brand
Aluminum gusset plate is semi-finished product, need professional installation to use. When installing or maintaining the ceiling and electrical appliances, the installation personnel will be required to cut and match the aluminum plate according to the shape of the appliance. Therefore, the products that choose the brand reputation of aluminum gusset can guarantee the quality of the products and guarantee the perfect pre-sale and after-sales service.
Note that the above experience is purely personal experience, if there are shortcomings, please understand!
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| What are the types of aluminum ceilings? |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 02-09-2018, 03:35 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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What are the types of aluminum ceilings?
Type of aluminium ceiling:
1. Ceiling ceiling.
Grille smallpox flexible combination: use aluminum grille combined with aluminum frame, after installation more has the characteristics of unique design, novel appearance, main bone and bone top grille smallpox inward flanging strengthen bone of the reinforcement, the primary bone and deputy bone can be ground clip, to match the requirements of different sites, article manicured bone still can be used to cooperate with each other, the main port of bone and bone structure, so that the bones of the connection is perfect.
2. Aluminum fangtong ceiling.
The aluminum side is common in the public places with a large number of people in concealed engineering, which is convenient for air circulation, exhaust and heat dissipation, so that the light distribution can be evenly distributed, so that the whole space is spacious and bright. Aluminum fangtong is widely used in subway, high-speed railway station, station, airport, large shopping shopping mall, channel, leisure place, public toilet, building external wall and other open Spaces. Aluminum square is a kind of open - through long - strip wall, which is composed of aluminum square. Using a long strip hanging from the keel installation test, to the extent of the visual to hide the keel system. Aluminum fangtong condole top vertical coherent coarse ambassador, the appearance is simple and elegant with the time style.
3. Aluminum gusset ceiling.
Aluminum gusset roof structure is tight, water-proof strong: the installation structure is the special keel-proof structure of the windproof type, it is very tight, no gap, strong waterproof. Advanced keel, wind strong sex: advanced tooth fixed module card keel, metal ceiling for wind sex every card next to the tooth design have wind card code, suitable for outdoor decoration, high safety, can be suitable for outdoor installation and flexible assembly, provide wider space design for designers.
4. Aluminum hanger.
The aluminum hanging film has an open vision, which makes people's minds open, ventilated and breathable, with clear lines and distinct layers. The installation effect of aluminum mounting plate is simple and clear, it is the style of modern art. Aluminium is decorated with a variety of colors, wood grain is the most popular color now, it is also the color that imitates the nature breath highly, so that people can feel the existence of nature in the work of exhaustion.
5. Hook board ceiling.
Seduce a board dense spell strong sex: metal aluminium smallpox smallpox installation structure, simple and stable, condole top hidden, 38 of the upper primary bone and the lower triangular keel in solid shaft type structure, easy installation and disassembly, table seduce a aluminum single panel is very smooth, between plate and analysis of stitching is through the keel has order a fold together, edge unique hook design, can be a very good control board with board between activity, to ensure that the gap between plates more closely is flat and level.
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| what is perforated aluminum sheet |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 02-09-2018, 03:29 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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Perforated Aluminium Sheets, also known as perforated aluminium plates or perforated aluminium screen, is aluminium sheet has been manually or mechanically stamped or punched to create a pattern of holes, slots, or decorative shapes.
Modern day perforation methods involve the use of technology and machines. Common equipment used for the perforation metal include rotary pinned perforation rollers, die and punch presses, and laser perforations
Perforated Aluminum Sheet 3003 H14 is lighter than both steel and stainless steel perforated sheet, while offering good corrosion resistance, weldability and formability. Perforated Aluminum Sheet is available with various hole size, staggers and sheet thickness.
The Benefits of Quality Perforated Aluminum sheet
Perforated aluminum sheet metal is a popular option, both for functional and aesthetic reasons. Aluminum is very versatile. Compared with many other metals, it is naturally lightweight and easy to work with. It is highly resistant to corrosion, making it ideal for indoor and outdoor applications. Most importantly, aluminum is a cost-efficient material that is well worth the investment.
In terms of longevity, aluminum perforated sheet metal is among the most durable and longest lasting, meaning that whatever your perforated metal feature, it will stand the test of time.
Applications range from decorative surfaces to noise resistant walls and ceilings. This is an excellent option for light and sound control, as well as privacy.
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| What is the punching aluminum gusset plate? |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 02-09-2018, 03:27 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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Punching aluminous gusset plate is aluminum alloy plate as the base, through cutting, cutting Angle, moulding, aluminous gusset plate surface using a variety of different coating processing all kinds of aluminous gusset plate products, aluminous gusset plate, the main points of two types, one is the domestic outfit integrated aluminous gusset plate, the other is aluminous gusset plate, the home installs aluminous gusset plate started mainly is given priority to with roller coating and frosted two big series; Engineering aluminum gusset plate is commonly used for rolling, powder coating, coating, grinding and other surface coating.
What are the characteristics of the punching aluminum gusset plate?
1. Excellent surface coating performance. Generally USES the high quality of aluminous gusset plate of high quality coatings by imported full automatic high speed coating coating line, board face level off, without off color, coating adhesion is strong, can the erosion of acid, alkali, salt fog, long time don't change color, paint off, fluorocarbon coating plate is the very ideal decorative material of outdoor use, service life is more than twenty years, and easy in maintenance, flush and clean like new.
2. Strong combination fastness. The high quality aluminum gusset plate is composed of high polymer and high polymer materials, which are combined with hot pressure.
3. Strong adaptability. Aluminum gusset plate generally can be used in large temperature change, its excellent performance is not affected.
4. Light weight and high strength. Generally, each board is about 8.5 kg. In the same stiffness, the weight is much lighter than other materials.
5. Acoustic insulation and shockproof. Aluminous model board has the double properties of metal and plastic, its vibration attenuation coefficient is six times that of pure aluminum plate, air sound insulation quantity is better than the other plate, and the coefficient of thermal conductivity small, is the ideal sound insulation, heat insulation, shockproof, construction materials.
6. Safe, non-toxic and fireproof. The core layer of the aluminum gusset plate is non-toxic polyethylene, whose surface is non-flammable aluminum plate, so the surface combustion characteristics comply with the fire resistance requirements of the building codes.
7. Rich in color and wide choice. Aluminum gusset plate color is various, color can combine collocation, harmonious and elegant.
8. Excellent processing performance. Aluminum gusset plate can be cut, saw, milling, pressing, bending, bending and so on with ordinary wood and metal processing tools, and can complete the design requirements accurately.
9. The aluminum gusset plate is flat, with clear and sharp edges, and the ceiling system shows the appearance of neatness, generosity, wealth and elegance, and broad vision. The aluminum gusset plate has the advantages of flame retardant, anticorrosive and moisture-proof, and it is easy to assemble and disassemble, so that each piece can be disassembled independently for easy construction and maintenance. If you want to change and clean ceiling panel, can use magnetic chuck or special patch, quick take kits, also can add in perforated plate on the back cover a layer of sound-absorbing glossy paper or black flame retardant cotton cloth, can reach a certain standard of sound absorption.
What are the specifications of the punching aluminum gusset plate?
The conventional specification of punching aluminum gusset plate: 300mm*300mm, 300*450mm.300*600mm.
General specification of punching aluminum gusset plate: 600*600mm, 800*800mm, 300*1200mm, 600*1200mm.
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| At last! The role of various elements in aluminum alloy |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 02-09-2018, 03:25 AM - Forum: Knowledge & Technique
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![[Image: 640]](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/5358802-4fd0a5d3c60d8a20?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/640)
copper
The maximum solubility of copper in aluminum is 5.65%, and the solubility of copper is 0.45% when the temperature drops to 302. Copper is an important alloy element, which has certain solid solution strengthening effect, and CuAl2 has obvious aging effect. The copper content in aluminum alloy is usually 2.5% ~ 5%, and the copper content is the best when 4%~6.8%, so the copper content of most hard aluminum alloy is in this range. Aluminum copper alloy can contain less silicon, magnesium, manganese, chromium, zinc, iron and other elements.
silicon
The maximum solubility of silicon in solid solution was 1.65% when the eutectic temperature of Al - Si alloy was 577. Although solubility decreases with temperature, such alloys are generally not heat-treatable. Aluminum silicon alloy has excellent casting performance and corrosion resistance. If magnesium and silicon are added to aluminum to form the aluminum magnesium silicon alloy, the enhanced phase is MgSi. The mass ratio of magnesium and silicon is 1.73:1. When designing the composition of al-mg-si alloy, the content of magnesium and silicon is configured on the base. Some of the al-mg-si alloys, in order to increase the strength, add a moderate amount of copper, and add a moderate amount of chromium to offset the adverse effects of copper against corrosion.
The maximum solubility of Mg2Si in al-mg2si alloy is 1.85% in aluminum, and decreases with the decrease of temperature. In the deformed aluminum alloy, the silicon alone is limited to the welding material, and the addition of silicon to aluminum has certain strengthening effect.
magnesium
Al - Mg alloy system equilibrium phase diagram rich aluminum part though the solubility curve shows that the solubility of magnesium in aluminium greatly decreases with temperature drop, but in most of the deformation of industrial aluminum alloy, magnesium content are less than 6%, and silicon content is low, this kind of alloy can't heat treatment to strengthen, but good weldability, corrosion resistant, with moderate intensity. Magnesium's reinforcement to aluminum is obvious, with each increase of 1% magnesium, the tensile strength is about to increase by about 34MPa. If you add less than 1% of manganese, you may be reinforcing. Therefore, manganese can decrease the content of magnesium and reduce the tendency of thermal cracking. Besides, manganese can also precipitate the Mg5Al8 compound and improve the corrosion resistance and welding properties.
Manganese element
The maximum solubility of Mn in the solid solution was 1.82% when the eutectic temperature was 658. The strength of alloy increases with the increase of solubility, and when the manganese content is 0.8%, the elongation reaches the maximum. Al-mn alloy is non - aging hardening alloy, which is non - heat - treatment hardening. Manganese can prevent the recrystallization process of aluminum alloy, improve recrystallization temperature, and can significantly refine the recrystallization grain. The refinement of recrystallized grains is mainly an obstacle to the growth of recrystallized grains by the dispersion of MnAl6 compounds. Another function of MnAl6 is to dissolve impurities iron, forming (Fe, Mn) Al6, reducing the harmful effects of iron. Manganese is an important element of aluminum alloy. It can be added to form al-mn binary alloy separately, and more is added with other alloy elements, so most aluminum alloys contain manganese.
zinc
The solubility of Zn in aluminum was 31.6%, while at 125, the solubility decreased to 5.6%. Zinc alone is added to aluminum, and the strength of aluminum alloy is very limited under the condition of deformation. Meanwhile, stress corrosion cracking and tendency are also present, thus limiting its application. Zinc and magnesium were added to the aluminum to form the strengthening phase Mg/Zn2, which had a significant strengthening effect on the alloy. When Mg/Zn2 content increased from 0.5% to 12%, the tensile strength and yield strength were significantly increased. The content of magnesium is higher than that of the superhard aluminum alloy required to form Mg/Zn2 phase. The ratio of zinc and magnesium is controlled at about 2.7, and the stress corrosion cracking resistance is the largest. If copper is added on the basis of al-zn-mg, it will form al-zn-mg-cu alloy, and the base strengthening effect is the largest in all aluminum alloys, and is also an important aluminum alloy material in aerospace, aviation industry and electric power industry.
Iron and silicon
Iron in Al - Cu - Mg - Ni - Fe in the forging of aluminum alloy, silicon in Al - Mg - Si is wrought aluminium and in Al - Si electrode and aluminum silicon alloy casting, all of the alloy elements and in its aluminium alloy, silicon and iron is a common impurity elements, have obvious influence on performance of alloy. They mainly exist in FeCl3 and free silicon. When the silicon is greater than the iron, it forms the beta -FeSiAl3(or Fe2Si2Al9) phase, while the iron is greater than the silicon, forming the alpha-fe2sial8 (or Fe3Si2Al12). When the ratio of iron and silicon is not at that time, it will cause cracks in the castings, and when the iron content in cast aluminum is too high, the casting will be brittle.
Titanium and boron
Titanium is a commonly used additive element in aluminum alloy, and is added in the form of al-ti or al-ti-b intermediate alloy. Titanium and aluminum form TiAl2 phase, which becomes the non-spontaneous core of crystallization, and the function of the cast structure and weld organization is refined. The critical content of titanium was about 0.15% when the al-ti alloy was produced. If boron existed, the reduction was small to 0.01%.
chromium
The addition of chromium in al-mg -Si, Al-Mg-Zn and Al-Mg alloys. In 600 ℃, chrome aluminum solubility of 0.8%, when the room temperature basically insoluble. (CrFe) Al7 and chromium in aluminium (CrMn) Al12 intermetallic compounds, such as hinder recrystallization nucleation and growth process, the alloy has certain reinforcement, also improve alloy toughness and reduce the stress corrosion cracking sensitivity. However, the sensitivity of quenching was increased, and the anodic oxide film was yellow. The addition of chromium in aluminum alloy is generally not more than 0.35%, and decreases with the increase of transition element in alloy.
strontium
Strontium is a surface active element, and strontium can change the behavior of intermetallic compounds in crystallography. Therefore, the modification can improve the plasticity and final product quality. In recent years, the use of sodium in al-si alloy has been replaced by the advantages of long time, good effect and good reproducibility. For extruded aluminum alloy, 0.015%0.03% strontium was added to make the ingot-alfesi phase change into the han-type, which reduced the uniformity of ingots by 60% and 70%, and improved the mechanical properties and plasticity of the materials. Improve surface roughness of products. For the deformation of high silicon (10% 13%), adding 0.02% 0.07% strontium aluminium alloy elements can make the crystal to reduce to a minimum, at the beginning of mechanical properties was also significantly increased, tensile strength б b from 233 mpa to 233 mpa, yield strength б 0.2 from 204 mpa to 210 mpa, elongation б 5 increased from 9% to 9%. The addition of strontium in the eutectic al-si alloy can reduce the size of the initial silicon particles and improve the plastic processing properties, which can be successfully rolled and cold rolled.
zirconium
Zirconium is also a common additive in aluminum alloys. In the aluminum alloy, the addition of 0.1%-0.3%, zirconium and aluminum ZrAl3 compounds can inhibit the recrystallization process and refine the recrystallized grains. Zirconium can also refine casting tissue, but less than titanium. When zirconium is present, it reduces the effect of titanium and boron refining grains. In al-zn-mg-cu alloy, zirconium is suitable to replace chromium and manganese to refine the recrystallization structure due to the effect of zirconium on quenching sensitivity than chromium and manganese.
Rare earth elements
The rare earth elements are added to the aluminum alloy, so that the aluminum alloy can be melted in the process of cooling, refining the grain, reducing the spacing of the secondary crystals, reducing the gas and inclusion in the alloy, and making the inclusions tend to spherify. It can also reduce the surface tension of melt, increase fluidity, and be beneficial to casting ingot, which has obvious influence on process performance. The amount of rare earth added is about 0.1%at%. The addition of mixed rare earth (la-ce-pr -Nd, et Al.) made Al-0.65 Mg-0.61%Si alloy aging G? The critical temperature in P area is reduced. Magnesium - containing aluminum alloy can stimulate the metamorphism of rare earth elements.
The impurity elements
Vanadium formed VAl11 refractory compound in aluminum alloy, and refined grain function in the process of melting, but less than titanium and zirconium. Vanadium also has the effect of refining and recrystallization and increasing the temperature of recrystallization.
Calcium is very low in solid solubility in aluminum alloy, forming CaAl4 compound with aluminum, calcium is the superplastic element of aluminum alloy, about 5% calcium and 5% manganese aluminum alloy has superplasticity. Calcium and silicon are formed and are insoluble in aluminum. As a result of reducing the solid solubility of silicon, the conductivity of industrial pure aluminum can be slightly improved. Calcium can improve the cutting performance of aluminum alloy. CaSi2 does not enhance heat treatment of aluminum alloys. Trace calcium helps to remove hydrogen from aluminum.
Lead, tin and bismuth elements are low melting point metals. They have a low solubility in aluminum and slightly reduce the strength of alloy, but can improve the cutting performance. The bismuth expansion in the solidification process is beneficial to the retraction. The addition of bismuth in the high magnesium alloy prevents the sodium brittle.
Antimony is mainly used as metamorphant in casting aluminum alloy, and deformed aluminum alloy is seldom used. Bismuth is only used in Al-Mg deformed aluminum alloy to prevent sodium brittleness. Antimony elements were added to some Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys to improve the performance of hot and cold pressing.
Beryllium can improve the structure of the oxide film and reduce the loss and inclusion during melting. Beryllium is a toxic element that can cause allergic intoxication. Therefore, it is not possible to contain beryllium in the aluminium alloy exposed to food and beverages. The amount of beryllium in the welding material is usually controlled below 8. G /ml. The aluminium alloy used for welding the substrate should also control the content of beryllium.
Almost don't dissolve in sodium in aluminum solid solubility is less than 0.0025%, the largest of the low melting point of sodium (97.8 ℃), sodium exist in the alloy, adsorption on the surface of the dendrite in the process of solidification or grain boundary, hot working, sodium form liquid adsorption layer on the grain boundary, produce brittle cracking, NaAlSi compound formation, no free sodium exist, does not produce sodium "fragile". When the magnesium content exceeds 2%, magnesium takes the silicon, precipitates out the free sodium and produces "sodium brittle". Therefore, magnesium alloys are not allowed to use sodium salt flux. The method of preventing "sodium embrittlement" has the method of chlorination, which causes the sodium to form NaCl into the slag, adding bismuth to produce Na2Bi into the metal matrix. Adding antimony to Na3Sb or adding rare earth can also play the same role.
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